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Representational family scene of Joseph and the aged Jacob reunited in Egypt

Bible Character Profile · Genesis 41–50

Manasseh Son of Joseph in the Bible

Meet Joseph’s firstborn—named after relief from hardship, blessed alongside Ephraim, and ancestor of a tribe whose inheritance spanned both sides of the Jordan.
Joseph’s FirstbornCausing to ForgetTribe of Manasseh
ParentsJoseph & Asenath
Birth orderFirstborn son
Younger brotherEphraim
Named sonMachir

The quick answer

Who was Manasseh, son of Joseph?

Manasseh was Joseph and Asenath’s firstborn son and Ephraim’s older brother. Joseph named him because God had enabled him to move beyond his toil and separation from his father’s household. Jacob counted Manasseh as one of his own sons and promised that he would become great, although he intentionally placed younger Ephraim first.

A name connected with moving beyond hardship

What does the name Manasseh mean?

Manasseh is the Hebrew Menasheh. Joseph says, “God has made me forget all my toil and all my father’s house.” The name is commonly explained as “causing to forget” or “one who makes forget.” Joseph did not literally lose his memory or cease loving his family; the name marks relief and a new stage after prolonged suffering.

מְנַשֶּׁהMenashehManasseh
נַשַּׁנִיnashshanimade me forget

Patriarch, tribe, and king stay distinct

Which Manasseh is this page about?

Several biblical people and groups share the name. This page begins with Joseph’s son and follows the tribe descended from him.

This profile

Manasseh, son of Joseph

Joseph’s firstborn in Egypt, older brother of Ephraim, and father of Machir.

Genesis 41:51; 50:23
Collective identity

The tribe of Manasseh

His descendants form a tribe with territory east and west of the Jordan.

Joshua 13; 17
Different person

King Manasseh of Judah

He is Hezekiah’s son and lives centuries after Joseph’s family.

2 Kings 21; 2 Chronicles 33
SEO boundary

Separate king page later

The king’s idolatry, repentance, reign, and death do not belong in this patriarch profile.

Avoids name cannibalization

Why he matters

Why is Manasseh important in the Bible?

01

His name remembers survival after suffering

Manasseh marks Joseph’s transition from enslaved prisoner to secure father in Egypt.

02

He shares Joseph’s double inheritance

Jacob counts both brothers as sons, producing two tribal lines from Joseph.

03

His tribe spans the Jordan

Manasseh becomes the only tribal inheritance deliberately divided across both sides of the river.

Five firm biblical anchors

Manasseh’s life from birth to later generations

Genesis records no speech or independent adventure for Manasseh. His profile rests on his name, family status, blessing, and descendants.

01

Genesis 41:45, 50–51

Born to Joseph and Asenath before the famine

Joseph names his firstborn Manasseh because God enabled him to move beyond his toil and separation from his father’s house.
02

Genesis 46:20

Counted among Jacob’s Egypt-born grandsons

Manasseh and Ephraim are listed as the sons born to Joseph through Asenath in Egypt.
03

Genesis 48:1–5

Counted by Jacob as one of his own sons

Jacob places both brothers alongside Reuben and Simeon, establishing two inheritance lines through Joseph.
04

Genesis 48:13–20

Receives Jacob’s left-hand blessing

Joseph expects firstborn priority, but Jacob intentionally crosses his hands and places Ephraim before Manasseh.
05

Genesis 50:23

His son Machir’s children join the family line

Joseph sees the children of Machir, Manasseh’s son, received on Joseph’s knees.

Manasseh’s family tree

Parents, brother, son, and grandson

Manasseh belongs to Joseph’s Egyptian household and becomes the head of a large family line through Machir and Gilead.

Joseph & Asenathparents ofManasseh
Younger brother

Ephraim

Jacob places Ephraim first, while promising greatness to both brothers.

Paternal grandparents

Jacob & Rachel

Jacob counts both grandsons as his own sons for inheritance.

Son

Machir

Machir becomes the leading ancestor of eastern Manassite families.

Grandson

Gilead

His name becomes closely associated with the family and region east of the Jordan.

Firstborn status and younger-brother priority

Ephraim and Manasseh

Manasseh was older, but Jacob intentionally gave Ephraim the right-hand blessing. This did not remove Manasseh from the family or cancel his future. Both become tribal ancestors and receive inheritance.

Manasseh

Joseph’s firstborn

Joseph positions him at Jacob’s right hand in expectation of firstborn priority.

Genesis 48:13, 18
Ephraim

The younger brother

Jacob knowingly places his right hand on Ephraim’s head.

Genesis 48:14
Shared status

Both are counted as Jacob’s sons

Each brother becomes an inheritance-bearing tribal ancestor.

Genesis 48:5–6
Not rejected

Manasseh will also be great

Jacob’s prediction explicitly includes population and greatness for the older son.

Genesis 48:19

The left hand still carries a real blessing

Did Manasseh lose the firstborn blessing?

Manasseh did not receive the greater position Joseph expected, but Scripture never presents him as disowned or cursed. Jacob blesses Joseph through both boys, names both in Israel’s blessing formula, and promises Manasseh greatness.

Joseph’s expectation

Right hand for the firstborn

Joseph takes Jacob’s hand to move it from Ephraim to Manasseh.

Genesis 48:17–18
Jacob’s knowledge

“I know, my son, I know”

Jacob is not confused by age or blindness; he deliberately chooses the order.

Genesis 48:19
Manasseh’s promise

A people who will be great

The older brother retains a positive and substantial future.

Genesis 48:19
Different priority

Ephraim is placed first

The blessing formula names Ephraim before Manasseh and predicts wider growth.

Genesis 48:20

Machir, Gilead, and inheritance-bearing daughters

Who were Manasseh’s descendants?

Machir is the clearest named son of Manasseh, and Gilead is Machir’s son. Their line grows into several clans. The daughters of Zelophehad later secure an important ruling about inheritance.

Machir

Manasseh’s son

His descendants become associated with warriors and land east of the Jordan.

Genesis 50:23; Numbers 26:29
Gilead

Machir’s son

His family branches include several of the major Manassite clans.

Numbers 26:29–32
Zelophehad’s daughters

Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah & Tirzah

They petition for their father’s inheritance when he dies without sons.

Numbers 27:1–11
Genealogy caution

Asriel and the Aramean concubine

First Chronicles preserves compressed wording that should not be forced into an oversimplified family chart.

1 Chronicles 7:14–19
?years

No personal lifespan is recorded

How old was Manasseh when he died?

The Bible does not state the age, death, or burial place of Joseph’s son Manasseh. Exact lifespan details must not be borrowed from King Manasseh or later tradition. Genesis ends his personal record with his growing family line.

One tribe, two geographic portions

Why is it called the half-tribe of Manasseh?

Manassite territory lay on both sides of the Jordan River. Families associated with Machir and Gilead received conquered land in Gilead and Bashan to the east; the remaining clans received their main allotment west of the river.

Eastern half

Gilead and Bashan

Moses grants land connected with the kingdoms of Sihon and Og to part of Manasseh.

Numbers 32:33, 39–42; Joshua 13:29–31
Western half

Central Canaan north of Ephraim

Joshua describes the other portion and its clan inheritances.

Joshua 17:1–11
Not half-status

The tribe is not inferior

“Half” describes the portion on one side of the river, not half membership or half a blessing.

Geography, not rank
Shared duty

Eastern warriors cross to help

They assist the other tribes before returning to their eastern inheritance.

Joshua 1:12–18; 22:1–9

Keep character and story intent distinct

Continue Manasseh’s family without duplicating Genesis 48

A deliberate search-intent boundary

What this Manasseh profile owns

Character intent

Joseph’s son, name, parents, brother, and descendants

Questions about the Genesis patriarch receive direct answers here.

Profile ownership
Comparison intent

Ephraim and Manasseh

The page explains firstborn status, Jacob’s hand placement, and retained blessing.

Sibling ownership
Tribal intent

Tribe and half-tribe

The east-west inheritance answers the strongest tribal long-tail questions.

Legacy ownership
King intent

King Manasseh requires a separate page

The later king’s idolatry and repentance will use a distinct URL and keyword cluster.

Prevents search cannibalization

A tribe spanning the Jordan

What happened to the tribe of Manasseh?

Manasseh grew from one Egypt-born firstborn into a large tribe with eastern and western territories, inheritance-defining families, notable warriors, and a place in Revelation’s tribal list.

Growth

From 32,200 to 52,700

The tribe’s census total rises substantially between the beginning and end of the wilderness generation.

Numbers 1:34–35; 26:34
Two territories

East and west of Jordan

Machirite families hold Gilead and Bashan, while the western half settles north of Ephraim.

Joshua 13:29–31; 17:1–11
Inheritance justice

Zelophehad’s daughters

Their faithful petition establishes how a daughter may preserve a family inheritance when no son survives.

Numbers 27:1–11
Later leadership

Gideon the Abiezrite

God calls Gideon from a Manassite clan despite his protest that his family is weak and he is least.

Judges 6:11–15
Jacob’s words“He also will be great”blessed though not placed first
Tribal inheritanceBoth sides of Jordana large two-region legacy

Manasseh’s story shows that receiving second priority does not mean receiving no future. The older brother becomes a populous tribe with one of Israel’s broadest territorial footprints.

Reflection grounded in the text

What can we learn from Manasseh?

01

Healing does not require erasing memory

Joseph moves beyond crushing toil while later remembering, protecting, and reconciling with his family. Genesis 41:51; 45:1–15

02

Less priority is not no blessing

Jacob places Ephraim first but clearly promises peoplehood and greatness to Manasseh. Genesis 48:19–20

03

Inheritance can require faithful advocacy

Zelophehad’s daughters respectfully name an injustice and receive a ruling that protects their family line. Numbers 27:1–11

04

Geographic distance need not end shared responsibility

The eastern half receives land early but still crosses the Jordan to help the other tribes. Joshua 1:12–18

Read the passages

Key Bible passages about Manasseh

Genesis 41:45, 50–52Manasseh’s parents, birth order, and name meaningGenesis 46:20Manasseh and Ephraim in Jacob’s familyGenesis 48:1–12Jacob counts Joseph’s sons as his ownGenesis 48:13–20The crossed-hands blessing and Manasseh’s promised greatnessGenesis 50:23Machir’s children and Joseph’s later generationsNumbers 1:34–35The first wilderness census of ManassehNumbers 26:28–34Manasseh’s clans and Zelophehad’s daughtersNumbers 27:1–11The daughters of Zelophehad receive inheritance rightsNumbers 32:33, 39–42Manassite clans receive land east of the JordanJoshua 13:29–31The eastern half-tribe’s allotmentJoshua 17:1–13The western half-tribe’s allotmentJudges 6:11–15Gideon identifies with the weakest clan in Manasseh1 Chronicles 7:14–19Manasseh’s extended genealogyRevelation 7:6The tribe of Manasseh in the sealed tribal list

Character check · Five questions

How well do you know Manasseh’s profile?

Test his parents, name, brother, blessing, and divided territory. Every answer includes a passage.
1

Who were Manasseh’s parents?

2

What does Manasseh’s name recall?

3

Who was Manasseh’s younger brother?

4

Did Jacob say Manasseh would become great?

5

Why is Manasseh called a half-tribe?

0 of 5 answered

Keep going—each answer opens its passage.Try the full Bible Characters Quiz

Popular questions, direct answers

Manasseh Son of Joseph FAQ

Who was Manasseh, son of Joseph?

Manasseh was Joseph’s firstborn son by Asenath and the older brother of Ephraim. He was born in Egypt before the famine, was counted by Jacob as one of his own sons, received Jacob’s left-hand blessing, and became ancestor of the tribe of Manasseh.

What does Manasseh mean in the Bible?

Genesis 41:51 connects Manasseh with Joseph’s statement that God had made him forget all his toil and his father’s household. The name is commonly explained as “causing to forget” or “one who makes forget.”

Did Joseph forget his family after naming Manasseh?

No. The name does not mean Joseph lost all memory or stopped caring. Genesis later shows him recognizing his brothers, asking about Jacob, weeping over his family, and arranging their survival. The saying describes relief from dominating hardship, not literal amnesia.

Who were Manasseh’s parents?

Manasseh’s father was Joseph and his mother was Asenath, daughter of Potiphera, priest of On. Pharaoh gave Asenath to Joseph as his wife.

Who was older, Manasseh or Ephraim?

Manasseh was older and is explicitly called Joseph’s firstborn. Ephraim was the second son and younger brother.

Why did Jacob bless Ephraim over Manasseh?

Jacob intentionally crossed his hands and placed his right hand on younger Ephraim. He said Ephraim would become greater, while also promising that Manasseh would become a people and would be great.

Did Manasseh lose the firstborn blessing?

Manasseh did not receive the priority Joseph expected for the firstborn, but he was not rejected or left unblessed. Jacob blessed both brothers, counted both as sons, and explicitly foretold Manasseh’s greatness.

Did Jacob adopt Manasseh and Ephraim?

Genesis 48:5 says Jacob counted both Egypt-born grandsons as his own, like Reuben and Simeon. This gave Joseph two tribal inheritance lines within Israel.

Who were Manasseh’s sons?

Machir is clearly identified as Manasseh’s son and father of Gilead. Other genealogical texts associate Asriel and additional family lines with Manasseh, but their wording and generational arrangement are complex. Machir is the safest central answer.

Who were Machir and Gilead?

Machir was Manasseh’s son, and Gilead was Machir’s son. Their descendants became powerful Manassite clans associated especially with territory east of the Jordan.

Who was Manasseh’s wife?

The Bible does not name Manasseh’s wife. First Chronicles mentions an Aramean concubine in his genealogy but does not give her personal name.

How old was Manasseh, son of Joseph, when he died?

The Bible does not record the age, death, or burial place of Joseph’s son Manasseh. He should not be confused with King Manasseh, whose reign and death belong centuries later.

Why is it called the half-tribe of Manasseh?

Manasseh’s descendants received territory in two regions: some clans settled east of the Jordan in Gilead and Bashan, while the remaining clans received land west of the Jordan. “Half-tribe” describes this geographic division, not an inferior tribal status.

What was the tribe of Manasseh known for?

Manasseh held extensive territory on both sides of the Jordan, included the families of Machir and Gilead, preserved the inheritance of Zelophehad’s daughters, and produced leaders including Gideon from the Abiezrite clan.

Is Manasseh, son of Joseph, the same as King Manasseh?

No. Joseph’s son Manasseh lived in the Genesis period and became a tribal ancestor. King Manasseh was a much later king of Judah, son of Hezekiah, whose story appears in 2 Kings 21 and 2 Chronicles 33.

Is the tribe of Manasseh in Revelation 7?

Yes. Revelation 7:6 names twelve thousand sealed from the tribe of Manasseh. Joseph is also named separately in that list.

Compare the two brothers

Meet Ephraim in the Bible

Explore why Jacob placed the younger brother first and how Ephraim’s name expanded to represent northern Israel.

Meet Ephraim →